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天空戰爭：波蘭與歐洲高科技反無人機武器庫內幕

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Nkyerɛase Titiriw

  • Poland Fie-Mu “Monster”: Poland abue anti-drone system foforo a wɔato din “Monster,” a Poland ankasa adwumayɛfo na wɔyɛe poland-24.com armadainternational.com. Saa turret so system yi de four-barrel 12.7 mm Gatling gun a wɔde sensors abom na ɛtumi hwehwɛ ne ho na ɛbɔ drone gu ho ho ara, kɔsi 2 km akyirikyiri, na ɛma ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛ ne “hard-kill” so de bɔ mmepɔw UAVs ho ban armadainternational.com armadainternational.com. Eyi kyerɛ Poland pɛ sɛ ɔhyɛ NATO apuei fam den de ne ho tumi.
  • Layered Banbɔ wɔ Europa nyinaa: Europa man no de multi-layered counter-drone systems rekyerɛw a ɛde radar hwehwɛ, radio-frequency (RF) jamming, laser, ne mpo drone-vs-drone akwan abom. Sɛ nhwɛso, Germany ASUL system no de active ne passive radar, electro-optical sensors, ne jammers abom de hwehwɛ ne bɔ drone gu ntɛm ara hensoldt.net hensoldt.net, na France nso asɔ laser akode a ɛyɛ den te sɛ HELMA-P (ɛtumi yɛ adwuma kɔsi ~1 km) de bɛbɔ Paris 2024 Olympics ho ban unmannedairspace.info unmannedairspace.info.
  • Abɔkyerɛ Foforɔ ne Ntɔsoɔ Nwoma: EU man mu amanfoɔ de counter-UAS abɔkyerɛ fi wɔn ankasa man mu ne aman foforɔ so. Germany bɔɔ ho ban ne Swiss firm Securiton de nya abɔkyerɛ a ɛyɛ den a ɛtumi di drones so (ɛbɛyɛ sɛ ɛka Israel D-Fend EnforceAir RF takeover system ho) de bɛbɔ asraafoɔ beae ho ban dronexl.co dronexl.co. Italy atɔ Skynex 35 mm gun system fi Germany Rheinmetall hɔ de bɛko tia drones ne missiles, na ɔno na ɔyɛ NATO member a odi kan de saa canon-based air defense yi de bɛbɔ drone a ɛbɛn ho ban dronesworldmag.com dronesworldmag.com. European abɔkyerɛ titiriw te sɛ MBDA ne Thales nso de wɔn ankasa nsiesie reba (sɛ Sky Warden system, E-Trap microwave weapon) wɔ adwumakuw ketewa a ɛwɔ hɔ ho unmannedairspace.info breakingdefense.com.
  • Nkɔsoɔ a wɔde yɛ Amanamanmu Nkwa Ho Ban: Ɛnyɛ ɔko nko ara, anti-drone teknɔlɔgyi no abɛyɛ ade a ɛho hia paa wɔ amanamanmu nkwa ho ban so – ɛboa ma wɔbɔ airports, ahyiaeɛ, ne nkɔmɔdeɛ ho ban. Airport Ho Ban: Ɛfiri sɛ drones baa Frankfurt Airport mu maa wɔgyinaa hɔ twam nnawɔtwe 10 a ɛda ho adi wɔ 2023 mu flightglobal.com, airports a ɛwɔ EU mu nyinaa de drone hunu nsɛnsɛmma (RF sensors, cameras) ne nsɛmpɛ ho nhyehyɛeɛ ahyɛ hɔ. Ahyiaeɛ Ho Ban: France de portable jammer ne hunufoɔ dɔzens guan kɔɔ 2024 Olympics no so, hunuu drones 355 a wonni ho kwan (ɛyɛɛ sɛ nkɔmɔdeɛ a wonnim hwee) na ɛboa maa wɔkyeree nnipa 81 wɔ agorɔ no mu breakingdefense.com. Italy ho banfoɔ de handheld “drone gun” jammer bɔɔ nkɔmɔdeɛ 250,000 (ne VIPs) ho ban wɔ Pope Francis awoda 2025 mucuashub.com cuashub.com, na Air Force no nso gyinaa hɔ pɛɛ de radar, electro-optic trackers, ne electromagnetic pulse rifles retwɛn sɛ drone bi bɛba a wɔbɛtumi atutu no asecuashub.com cuashub.com.
  • Ntɔsoɔ a ɛrekɔ so wɔ Sika a wɔde gu so (2022–2025): Amanaman Ebusua no atɔ so wɔ sika a wɔde gu so wɔ counter-UAS ho. Poland – a ɔno na ɔde sika pii gu ho wɔ NATO mu per GDP – de anti-drone adwuma no ahyɛ ne PLN 186.6 billion ho a wɔde reyɛ akodeɛ nsakrae, a ɛka Patriot batteries foforɔ ne kurow mu C-UAS nsɛmma nhyehyɛe ho euronews.com euronews.com. Germany tɔɔ Rheinmetall Skyranger mobile anti-drone cannon nnwuma du nkron wɔ 2024 (baako bo bɛyɛ ~$36 million) de bɛbɔ ne brigades ho ban forbes.com. France de ne 2024–30 akodeɛ nhyehyɛe no mu sika €5 billion ahyɛ fam de bɛyɛ fam so mframa ho banbɔ a ɛka C-UAS ho breakingdefense.com, na Italy nso wɔ 2025 kyerɛw krataa so de €73 million atɔ Skynex system baako (na wɔwɔ ho kwan sɛ wɔbɛtɔ baasa bio a ne bo bɛyɛ €280 million) dronesworldmag.com dronesworldmag.com. European Commission nso, wɔ October 2023, too EU nyinaa counter-drone nhyehyɛe bi a ɛbɛboa ma mmara bɛbɔ mu, bɛboa R&D, na bɛboa sɛ member aman no bɛtɔ nneɛma no bom debuglies.com home-affairs.ec.europa.eu.
  • Nsɛm a ɛho hia a ɛma wɔyɛ biribi: Russia ko a ɛrekɔ so wɔ Ukraine no akɔto EU wim a ɛyɛ wɔn dea mpɛn pii de drones, na ɛno ama wɔanya mmuae ntɛm. Ɛwom September 2025 mu, drones a wɔde akode yɛ adwuma du nkron bɔɔ Poland wim ho mmara so; Poland ne NATO nkrantewfo tow guu mu nan euronews.com euronews.com, na ɛno maa Poland frɛɛ NATO mpanyimfo ne hwehwɛɛ Ukraine mmoa wɔ drone ko atetesɛm mu euronews.com euronews.com. Kan no, drones ketewa a wɔde baa Poland ne Riga airports no maa wɔto hyɛɛ wɔn mu, na ɛkɔɔ so ara wɔ France nuclear plants so a drones a wonnim wɔn ho bɔɔ wɔn so. Nsɛm yi kyerɛ sɛ drone ho ɔhaw yɛ den ma amanaman mu ahosiesie ne nkurɔfo ho banbɔ, na ɛno ama Europe ntɛm so de counter-drone systems reba.

Mfiase: Ko foforo a ɛrekɔ so wɔ wim – Adɛn nti na anti-drone systems ho hia

Drones a obi nni mu – fi quadcopters ketewa kɔsi drones a wɔde akode yɛ adwuma – abɛyɛ dɛw wɔ mfe a atwam yi mu, na ɛde ɔhaw foforo aba ko ne kurow wim so. Europe ahu biribiara fi drones a agorɔfo de bɔ airports kɛse ho ban kɔsi drones a wɔde akode yɛ adwuma a ɛbɔ hyeɛ ne ahorow a ɛho hia ho ban. Eyi ama “drone defense” nsakrae atim: aban ahyɛ nsow wɔ teknɔlɔgyi a ɛbɛtumi ahu ne atwa drones a wɔyɛ bɔne ho ban ansa na wɔde bɛyɛ adwene, de bɛfa biribi, anaa de bɛbɔ.

Poland ne ne n’akɔnnɔmfo EU no na wɔda anim wɔ saa botae yi mu, na wɔreboaboa ano anti-drone akode a wɔahyɛ ho ban a anka ɛbɛyɛ sɛ science fiction pɛɛ mfe du a atwam no. Efi radar ne AI a wɔde tumi hu ade so, kɔsi jamming guns, interceptor drones, net launchers, high-powered lasers, ne anti-drone “shotguns” ne cannons mpo. Asraafo ne aban mpanyimfo a wɔwɔ asase so nyinaa de saa akode yi reboaboa ano – de bɛbɔ ho ban fi asraafo dan ne hyeaman so kɔsi airports, power plants, ne stadiums. Botae no ne sɛ wɔbɛma akyirikyiri no bɛyɛ pɛ wɔ ɔhaw a ɛwɔ hɔ no so, faako a $1,000 drone a wɔtɔ fi adwumayɛbea tumi bɔ $3 million fighter jet ho anaa tumi to airport muunmannedairspace.info unmannedairspace.info.

Wɔ saa amanneɛbɔ yi mu, yɛbɛto nsa frɛ anti-drone akode a wɔde di dwuma anaa wɔreyɛ adwuma wɔ Poland ne EU man titiriw mu nyinaa. Yɛbɛhwɛ sɛnea man biara reyɛ ne ho den, sɛ ɛyɛ wɔn ankasa adwumayɛ anaa tekyɛ a wɔde fi abɔnten ba, ne adwuma a wɔde reyɛ. Yɛbɛsusu nso sɛ saa akode yi yɛ dɛɛn, mmara a ɛda ho so, ne sɛnea wɔde di dwuma wɔ wiase mu – fi ɔko mu kɔsi nsɛmma nhyiam a ɛte sɛ Olympics. Ɛyɛ ntɔkwa a ɛda drones ne akwan a wɔde bɔ ho ban ntam. Sɛnea ɔsraani panyin bi a ɔwɔ France kaeɛ no: “Asetena a drones ketewa, a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no, tumi yɛ biribi a ɛda bere bi mu pɛ. Ban no bɛkɔ so ayɛ kɛse.” unmannedairspace.info

Anti-Drone Akode Ho Nsɛmfua: Akode a Wɔde Di Dwuma

Ansa na yɛbɛkɔ man biara ho, ɛsɛ sɛ yebenya adwen pa fa anti-drone akode ahorow a Europe de reyɛ adwuma ho. C-UAS (“counter–unmanned aerial system”) a ɛwɔ nnɛ no, ɛtaa de akwan a wɔde hu ade ne akwan a wɔde twa so bom:

  • Radar ne Sensor Networks: Ɛhe na anti-drone system biara fi no, ɛyɛ detection. Radar a wɔde yɛ adwuma (ɛboro so 3D AESA radar) betumi ahu drone ketewa wɔ akyirikyiri (20–50 km ma radar kɛse a wɔde di akodi) unmannedairspace.info unmannedairspace.info. Sɛ nhwɛso, Germany Hensoldt na ɔyɛ Spexer radar a wɔde hu drone (na ɛwɔ naval version a ɛtumi hwehwɛ akɔ 250 km) unmannedairspace.info. Passive RF sensors te sɛ France Cerbair HYDRA system “hunu” nsɛnkeka wɔ airwaves so de hwehwɛ drone control signals na ɛtumi hu pilot no baabi a ɔwɔ, na ɛnyɛ signal biara a ɛde kɔ navalnews.com navalnews.com. Electro-optical camera ne thermal imager de kɔpɛ drone no din pa ara. System bi (te sɛ Italy ADRIAN anaa Spain AUDS) de acoustic sensors nso yɛ adwuma, tie drone rotor no nne army-technology.com.
  • RF Jamming ne Takeover: Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wotumi gyina abɔnefo drone ano a, baako a ɛyɛ a wɔde yɛ no ne sɛ wɔde radio-frequency a ɛyɛ den bɔ no. Jammer guns – te sɛ Francefoɔ a wɔyɛɛ NEROD F5 rifle no anaa Polandfoɔ SkyCtrl jammer no – tumi de electromagnetic pulses a ɛyɛ den bɔ drone no control/GPS frequencies so, na ɛtwa ne ho fi ne pilot ho theaviationist.com theaviationist.com. Drone no taa kɔ fail-safe mode mu, na ɛtɔ da a ɛbɛsian anaa ɛbɛkɔ fie, sɛnea Italian Air Force C-UAS units kyerɛwee no theaviationist.com theaviationist.com. Ebinom a wɔyɛ den (te sɛ EnforceAir a D-Fend yɛe) kɔ akyirikyiri: wɔtumi hack drone no fa ne RF link so na wɔfa so di no so – “soft kill” a ɛma abɔnefo no bɛtena ase wɔ ɔkofo no nsa ase dronexl.co dronexl.co. Saa kwan yi yɛ dɛ wɔ places a nnipa dɔɔso (te sɛ events, airports) efisɛ ɛmma bɔta a ɛtɔ hɔ. Nanso, ne tumi kɔ akyirikyiri a ɛyɛ meter ahan bi anaa kilometer mmienu pɛ, na ebinom drones de autonomy anaa frequency-hopping de gyina jamming ano unmannedairspace.info unmannedairspace.info.
  • Kinetic “Hard Kill” Systems: Sɛ ɛba sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsɛe bɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ ɔhaw no koraa a, ɛno na kinetic (tumi a ɛyɛ den) akwan no bɛba mu. Wɔtumi de amansan akɔntɔn ne misail a wɔde bɔ ɔsoro ho ban di dwuma – Poland mpo de Amerika Patriot SAM batiri ahyɛ kurow bi a wɔde bɔ “cruise missiles, drones, ne mmarima a wɔte mframa mu” ho ban mu euronews.com euronews.com. Nanso, sɛ wokɔtow $3 million Patriot misail tia $500 drone a, ɛyɛ “te sɛ wokɔtow akode kɛse tia aborɔnoma ketewa”, sɛnea wɔn a wɔka ho asɛm no ka euronews.com. Esiane eyi nti, Europa rede akode a ɛyɛ mmerɛ ne ɛho yɛ den: Germany ne Italy reboaboa Rheinmetall Skyranger ne Skynex akɔtɔ – ɛyɛ akɔtɔ a wɔde 30–35 mm auto-cannon (1,000+ rpm) a ɛtumi tow bɔɔl a ɛtumi bubu drones mu fi 3–4 km en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org. Poland de 12.7 mm Gatling “Monster” a yɛka ho no nso bɛtumi adi dwuma ha, ɛde akyirikyiri kakra bɛto so de bo a ɛtɔ so biara yɛ ketewa sen afoforo dronesworldmag.com dronesworldmag.com. Mmoa a wɔde bɔ asase so ho ban a ɛda hɔ dada no nso, wɔrekyerɛw ho dwuma foforo: France ahu sɛ ɛpo so 76 mm dek gun betumi atow bɔɔl titiriw a ɛbɛtumi abubu drone bebree fi soro breakingdefense.com breakingdefense.com.
  • Ahyɛ-ahoɔden Akodeɛ: Ɛsono sɛ high-tech ahyɛ-ahoɔden reba C-UAS mu nso. Ahyɛ-ahoɔden kɛse laser betumi dinn atɔ drone no ho anaa ne aniwa so; France kuropɔn Cilas suaa laser bi a wɔfrɛ no HELMA-P (High-Energy Laser for Multiple Applications – Power) a betumi “ahu, atie, na atumi atɔ drone ase kɔsi 1 km akyirikyiri” unmannedairspace.info. Lasers de ma nsɛmpɛ a ɛte sɛ kanea na “ammo a ɛnsa da” (ɛda so ara sɛ wopɛ tumi), nanso nsakrae a ɛwɔ wim betumi afa ho na ɛsɛ sɛ wode ani si so kakra. Foforo nso ne ahyɛ-ahoɔden kɛse microwave (HPM) beams. 2024 mu, Thales de too hɔ E-Trap, 360° microwave emitter a ɛtumi pam ahoɔden kɛse mu pɔw a ɛbɛtumi atɔ drone electronics ase wɔ baabi a ɛnyɛ akyirikyiri breakingdefense.com breakingdefense.com. Wɔde sii hɔ a obiara anhu wɔ Olympic beaeɛ Paris mu de bɔɔ mini-drone biara a ɛyɛ ɔhaw (ɛte sɛ EMP gun) breakingdefense.com. HPM akodeɛ betumi atɔ drone bebree ase prɛko pɛ, nanso ɛyɛ kɛse na ɛpɛ tumi dodo.
  • Ntama, Nnomaa, ne Interceptor Drones: Wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn anaa baabi a ɛho hia, sɛ wokita drone no nkutoo nso yɛ ɔkwan. Policefoɔ wɔ aman pii de ntama toɔfoɔ (sɛ handheld SkyWall bazooka) de to ntama a ɛbɛkata drone no ho. Drone a wɔakye no betumi aba fam a ɛnyɛ bɔne kɛse. Netherlands mpo de agyenkuku suaeɛ sɛ wɔbɛkyere drone ketewa fi wim – adwuma a ɛyɛɛ yie nanso wɔgyaee ɛfiri agyenkuku no suban a ɛnsɛe. Deɛ ɛda so yɛ dɛ ne interceptor drones: drone ketewa a ɛyɛ ntɛm a ɛtumi di rogue drone no akyi anaa to ntama wɔ wim. Germany Bundeswehr University reyɛ drone interceptor wɔ Project FALKE dronexl.co, na France startup Hologarde de drone a ɛtumi bɔ drone foforo ho de boa. Saa “drone-to-drone” akodeɛ yi betumi ayɛ dɛ ma drone a ɛnantew fam na ɛyɛ mpɔtam, nanso ɛhia nimdeɛ na ɛyɛ den wɔ nsakrae ne drone bebree ho.

Ɛnnɛ, anti-drone system a ɛwɔ hɔ a ɛyɛ kɛse sen biara de pii a ɛwɔ atifi no bɔ mu – ɛyɛ nhyehyɛe a wɔtaa frɛ no “hybrid” anaa layered defense. Sɛ nhwɛso, ɔman a wɔde akodɔm bɔ ho ban betumi de radar a ɛtumi hu ade akyirikyiri ne RF sensors a wɔde hwehwɛ ɔhaw no, EW jammer a wɔde bɛsɔ no kan, na afei de gun anaa laser bɛyɛ adwuma sɛ nea ɛbɛto so sɛ biribiara nni ho a ɛbɛyɛ adwuma. Europe de, wɔn kwan no ne sɛ wɔbɛma kill-chain no ayɛ automatic: “hu ɔhaw no, hyehyɛ no mu, na de saa nsɛm no kɔma – ɛberɛ a ɛbɛn real time – akɔ system foforo a ɛbɛtumi ayɛ biribi ho,” sɛnea Thales adwumayɛfo kyerɛkyerɛ wɔ breakingdefense.com breakingdefense.com. Seesei, ma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea eyi rekɔ so wɔ Poland ne EU nyinaa mu.

Poland: Fortress Sky – Layered Defenses wɔ NATO anim

Poland abɛda ho adi sɛ ɔno na ɔda so di kan wɔ counter-drone adwuma mu, efisɛ ɔbɛn Russia-Ukraine ko no na ɔpɛ sɛ ɔma ne dɔm yɛ foforo. Wɔ afe 2022 mu, nna kakra pɛ na drones ne missiles fii ase de hu bɔ Ukraine, Poland faa Homeland Defence Act a ɛde sika pii (4.48% GDP wɔ 2023, ɛyɛ kɛse sen biara wɔ Europe) de kɔsii ne dadeɛ ho euronews.com euronews.com. Eyi kɔɔ so de sika kɛse guu air defense ne C-UAS ho. Sɛnea Prime Minister Donald Tusk kae no, bere a Russia de drones bɔɔ Poland nsoromma mu wɔ September 2025, Poland drone banbɔ no na “wɔreyɛ adwuma de ho bɔ ho ban mfe pii ni.”

Mpɔtam Mmere Dodow Ahorow So Ahwɛyiɛ: Poland reboaboa mpɔtam ne mmoroso dodow ahorow so ahwɛyiɛ a ɛbɛboa nso ama wɔatumi atim dɔɔnfo. Wɔ mpɔtam no atifi, Poland atɔ Patriot PAC-3 abɔdeɛ fi U.S. (ɛyɛ WISŁA nhyehyɛe no mu) de bɛko tia cruise mmoroso ne dɔɔnfo a ɛso kɛse euronews.com euronews.com. Saa Patriot yi, a wɔde U.S. LTAMDS 360° radars foforɔ bɔ abom, na ɛyɛ mpɔtam no atifi a wɔde bɛkyekyɛ biribiara fi ballistic mmoroso kɔsi UAVs – nanso sɛ wɔde Patriot mmoroso bɔ dɔɔn ketewa so a, ɛyɛ nea ɛto so a etwa to. Wɔ mpɔtam a ɛbɛn hɔ, Poland de Narew mpɔtam a ɛtumi kɔ akyirikyiri (40 km+) ne Piorun MANPADS (infrared mmoroso a ɛtumi kɔ ~6 km) a ɛtumi bɔ dɔɔnfo so nso reba dwumadi mu euronews.com. Eyi te sɛ NATO nhyehyɛe a wɔde mpɔtam dodow ahorow bɔ abom de bɔ Integrated Air and Missile Defense, na seesei wɔaka “dɔɔnfo a wɔmpɛ adwuma” ho sɛ atirimpɔw.

Indigenous “Hard-Kill” Systems: Polandfo adwuma ho nko ara nkɔtɔ abɔnten so, Poland adwumayɛfo no ara na wɔde wɔn ankasa counter-drone akode ayɛ adwuma. Deɛ ɛda ho adi paa ne Turreted 12.7 mm Gatling Gun System (din a wɔde too so: System Zwalczania Dronów, kyerɛ sɛ “Drone Countermeasure System”), a Polish Mechanical Works Tarnów ne Military University of Technology bɔɔ ho banbɔ armadainternational.com armadainternational.com. Polandfo media frɛ no “Monster” armadainternational.com, na wɔda no adi wɔ MSPO 2024 defense fair so. Monster no yɛ four-barrel .50-caliber machine gun a wɔde remote-controlled mount so, na wɔde high-resolution day/night optic ne laser rangefinder ka ho armadainternational.com. Ebetumi aka ho 15 km-range search radar a ɛma wɔte ho nsɛm ntɛm armadainternational.com. Nsɛnhyɛmu mu, Monster no da kyerɛ sɛ ɛtumi autonomously track and shoot drones – sɛ operator no ma kwan a, AI aiming no na ɛyɛ adwuma no nyinaa, na ɛbɔ bɛyɛ 200 bullets wɔ minute biara mu kɔsi sɛ drone no bubu armadainternational.com armadainternational.com. Sɛ wode bɔ a ɛtumi kɔ ~2 km, ammo a ɛnyɛ boɔ, ne tumi a ɛwɔ so sɛ wode bɛto car so anaa tow no, ɛma Poland nya cost-effective “hard kill” kwan ma drone bebree anaa ketewa UAVs a wɔtumi twa missile a ɛwɔ soro no ho armadainternational.com armadainternational.com. 2025 mfiase no, Poland mpanyimfo kae sɛ Monster no redi dwuma ama wɔde bɛma adwumayɛfo efisɛ nnipa pii pɛ ho armadainternational.com armadainternational.com.

Polandfo another firm, Advanced Protection Systems (APS), atim hwehwɛ nyansa a ɛwɔ smart detection ho. Wɔn SKYctrl system de AI-driven sensors na ɛkyerɛ drones ne anomaa ntam, na ɛma false alarms no so tew – ɛyɛ ade a ɛho hia paa bere a anomaa bebree betumi ama alarm no atim a euronews.com. APS systems (ne Warsaw Hertz New Technologies de a ɛte saa) atɔ so wɔ Poland airports ne power plants ho, na wɔde bɔ command centers a ɛma wɔtumi de jamming anaa gunners ba ho bere a drone bɔne bi ho adanse da hɔ pɛpɛɛpɛ euronews.com.

Electronic Warfare ne Jammers: Poland asraafo ne wɔn a wɔhwɛ asomdwoe so nso de electronic countermeasures ahorow di dwuma. Nnipa nkyerɛase ho nsɛm yɛ secret, nanso amanneɛ kyerɛ sɛ Poland atɔ man-portable RF jammers – te sɛ US-made DroneDefender anaa Australian DroneGun – de ma wɔn police ne border guards. Ampa, bere a Russia de drones baa Poland 2025 no, Poland asraafo anyɛ ntɛm anto ho; na wɔde detection ne EW na ɛdi kan hwɛ na wɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛdan drones no kwan debuglies.com debuglies.com. Poland mpanyimfo kae sɛ wɔn a wɔbaa no “wɔkyerɛw wɔn ho nsɛm, wɔhwɛ wɔn, na wɔhwɛ wɔn so wɔ national units mu a ɛnhia sɛ wɔde ahoɔden bɔ wɔn” wɔ asɛm bi mu debuglies.com, kyerɛ sɛ jamming anaa geofencing tactics betumi ayɛ adwuma ama wɔdan drones no kwan (nanso akyiri no, NATO fighters bɔɔ bi gui bere a ɔhaw no kɔɔ so kɛse euronews.com euronews.com).

Wɔ ɔmanfoɔ fam no so, Poland de no-fly zones ne geofencing ahyɛ ahorow a ɛho yɛ den ho ban. EU mmara a Poland aviation authority (ULC) nam so gyee no tom no, ɛka sɛ drone biara bɛdi UAS geographic zones a wɔahyɛ ho ban no so; Poland wɔ afe 2025 de amanmuo database a ɛkyerɛ ahorow a wɔahyɛ ho ban (bɛn Poland hye, airports, ne military bases) a drones navigation systems bɛpa ho akɔ akyirikyiri no ahyɛ no mu debuglies.com debuglies.com. Saa digital fence yi ntumi nka drone bɔne a wɔayɛ de bɛtwa ho ahyia no, nanso ɛboa ma hobbyist a wonnim ho hwee no ntumi nyɛ bɔne. Na wɔn a wɔbɛbɔ airspace ho fɔ no, Poland 2022 defense law kyerɛ pefee sɛ military no tumi neutralize ɔhawfoɔ a ɔwɔ soro no sɛ ɛho hia debuglies.com debuglies.com – ma mmara a ɛda hɔ pefee sɛ wɔbɛtumi atow anaa wɔde jamming atwa drone a ɛyɛ ɔhaw no ho ahyia.

Real-World Use: Poland de yɛ den wɔ asɛm yi ho, ɛnyɛ nsusui nkutoo. Wɔde jets ne helicopters akɔkyere drones a wonnim wɔn ho pii wɔ afe 2023–25 mu, bere a ɔko no rekɔ so wɔ wɔn ho. debuglies.com debuglies.com. Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa ne sɛ, bere a drone bi a ɛda ho adi sɛ ɛyɛ Russia dea na wɔahyɛ no ho nkata bubu gui Poland apuei fam wɔ August 2025, Polandfo a wɔyɛ adwuma ne mpanyimfo faa no sɛ ɔhaw kɛse, na wɔkaa sɛ drone no antumi anhu radar kosi sɛ ɛbubu gui. debuglies.com debuglies.com. Saa asɛm no daa adi sɛ wɔwɔ mmerɛwyɛ wɔ sɛnea wɔteetee nea ɛrekɔ so fam, enti wɔyɛɛ ntetee ntɛm wɔ sensors a ɛwɔ abɔnten so. debuglies.com debuglies.com. Ɛkɔsi September 2025, bere a drones du nkron (19) bɔɔ Poland ho, Poland mmuae no – NATO AWACS a ɛhwɛ fam, akofena a wɔwɔ standby, ne air defense a wɔahyɛ ho den – kyerɛɛ sɛ wɔn counter-drone ho pɛyɛ akɔ anim. cuashub.com euronews.com. Poland mpo frɛɛ NATO Article 4 mpanyimfo akasa ho asɛm akyi no euronews.com, kyerɛ sɛ drone a ɛba ɔman mu no, wɔhwɛ no sɛ ɔko a obi pɛ sɛ ɔyɛ.. Saa asɛm no akyi, Ukraine a wɔanya mmɔden wɔ drone ko mu no, somaa adwumayɛfo baa Poland sɛ wɔnkɔkyerɛ wɔn sɛnea wɔbɛhunu ne sɛnea wɔbɛbɔ Shahed kamikaze drones a Russia de di dwuma no ase. euronews.com euronews.com.

Fi bɔɔloɔ so kɔ airport, Poland reboaboa ne anti-drone akodeɛ ano. Airports te sɛ Warsaw Chopin de drone huu-hohoro akodeɛ asi hɔ akyi a wɔhunuu sɛ drones a wɔmmra no reba, na ɛmaa wɔgyinaa kwan ma mmerɛ kakra wɔ mfe a atwam no mu. Poland polisfoɔ antwaa wɔn ho so sɛ wɔde jam anaa wɔbɛsɛe drone a ɛreforo mmara so wɔ nkɔmɔbɔ a ɛwɔ hɔ (sɛ nhwɛsoɔ, bere a ɛte sɛ state visits anaa 2023 EURO bɔɔlobɔ a Poland na ɛso). Nkyerɛaseɛ kɛse ne sɛ, Poland de drone ɔhaw no yɛ ɛho hia na ɛyɛ ampa, de ɛho nkɔsoɔ a ɛwɔ tech mu bɔ abom ne mmara foforɔ, NATO adwumakuw, ne wɔn ankasa adwene te sɛ Monster system.

Germany: Ɛho Tech Banbɔ ne Adwumakuo Tumi

Germany, Europe sika tumi kɛseɛ, de akwan a ɛkɔ akyirikyiri reko tia UAS – de ne ho tumi wɔ ɔko akodeɛ adwumakuo mu reyɛ wɔn ankasa akodeɛ na ɛno akyi nso, rekyerɛ sɛ ɔhaw foforɔ biara a ɛba (te sɛ drones a wɔmmra no a wɔde kɔ Bundestag anaa asraafoɔ base so) no, wɔbɛtumi atia. Sɛ drones reba sɛ ɔhaw a ɛwɔ banbɔ mu no, Germany nhyehyɛe no de tech foforɔ a wɔde asi hɔ bɔ abom ne mmara nsakrae ne amanaman ntam adwumakuw sentrycs.com hoganlovells.com.

Nkɔmɔ C-UAS Platforms: German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr) de sika gu modular, multi-sensor system bi so a wɔfrɛ no ASUL (din a ɛkyerɛ “Anti-small UAS System” wɔ kasa mu). Bavarian electronics firm ESG (a Hensoldt na ɛyɛ ne subsidiary seesei) na ɔyɛɛ ASUL, na wɔde brɛɛ wɔn wɔ 2022, na wɔakɔ so abɔ ho nsakrae daa hensoldt.net hensoldt.net. ASUL yɛ “system of systems”: ɛde sensors a wobetumi asesa (3D radars, RF analyzers, infrared cameras) ne effectors (jamming modules, drone catchers, ne afoforo) bɔ bom hensoldt.net hensoldt.net. AI-enabled C2 software bi a wɔfrɛ no Elysion Mission Core ma ASUL tumi de sensors no nyinaa data bɔ bom ntɛm ara na ɛma operators no tumi nya mmuae pa so sɛnea wɔbɛyɛ countermeasures hensoldt.net. Saa system yi da ne ho adi paa bere a na ɛhwɛ 2015 G7 Summit a ɛkɔso wɔ Elmau, Germany so, na ɛboaboa wiase mpanyimfo ho ban fi drone a ɛbɛba so ho hensoldt.net. May 2025 mu, Bundeswehr de adwuma maa Hensoldt sɛ ɔnkɔ so nsa ASUL ho nsakrae bio, de field feedback bɛka ho hensoldt.net hensoldt.net – eyi kyerɛ sɛ drone menace no ayɛ den sen kan no (sɛ: drones a wɔtete ntɛm, swarm tactics) fi bere a wɔbɔɔ system no ho ban no.

Na Germany pɛ sɛ ɔma ne asraafo a wɔwɔ fam no tumi kɛse wɔ ntwatoso ho, na ɛno nti na ɔreboaboa Skyranger 30 a ɛyɛ akode a ɛtumi bɔ ntwatoso a ɛda so so. Ɛbɛyɛ afe 2024 mfiase no, Bundeswehr hyɛɛ Skyranger du nkron (19) a wɔde asi Boxer 8×8 akɔtoma so no ho dɔm forbes.com, na wɔretwɛn sɛ wɔde bɛma wɔn mfe 2025–2027 mu. Skyranger no, a Rheinmetall (German-Swiss) na ɔyɛ no, de abien bɔ ho: 30 mm akode a ɛto ho ho (a ɛto bɔta a wɔahyɛ ho nhyehyɛe a ɛbɔ ntwatoso a ɛbɛtumi atwitwa ntwatoso a ɛwɔ 3 km akyirikyiri en.wikipedia.org) ne ntwatoso a wɔde bɛka ho anaa laser a ɛwɔ turret koro no mu en.wikipedia.org. Akɔtoma biara wɔ ne de ankasa hwehwɛ radar ne electro-optic tracker, enti ɛyɛ “ntwatoso kyini” a ɛtumi di ne ho dwuma na ɛtumi di asraafo no akyi en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org. Skyranger bɔta no yɛ dodo so kyɛn ntwatoso – na ɛho hia paa ma ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw so ho banbɔ breakingdefense.com breakingdefense.com. Ampa ara, Berlin pɛ sɛ ɔde ahannwa a ɛte saa bɛma ne dɔm ne beae a ɛho hia so, de bɛhyɛ mpɔtam a ɛda hɔ fi bere a wɔgyaa Cold-War Gepard flak tanks no hɔ militaeraktuell.at. Skyranger a edi kan a wɔde asi Boxer so no, wɔde maa wɔn sɛ prototype wɔ January 2025 rheinmetall.com, na wɔreyɛ adwuma kɛse de bɛma wɔn pii efisɛ hia no ayɛ kɛse (Rheinmetall mpo aka sɛ wɔbɛka wɔn adwuma no ho na wɔde bɛyɛ 200 baako afe biara efisɛ Germany, Ukraine, ne afoforo nso pɛ) en.defence-ua.com en.defence-ua.com.

Mpanyimfo ne Abɛbrɛsɛ Foforo: Germany amfa ho anto nsa sɛ ɔbɛyɛ adwuma ne aman foforo ho de anya nneɛma a ɛho hia. Ɛwom sɛ September 2024 mu na ɛda adi sɛ Bundeswehr kyerɛw krataa ne Swiss security company Securiton sɛ wɔbɛboa wɔn ho ama wɔanya akwan a wɔde bɛbɔ drone ho ban wɔ mmeae a ɛho yɛ den dronexl.co dronexl.co. Securiton nso yɛ adwuma ne Israel D-Fend Solutions, na eyi kyerɛ sɛ nea wɔtɔ no betumi aba mu sɛ EnforceAir system – ɛyɛ RF takeover/jammer a wɔpɛ no paa a ɛbɛtumi afa drone bɔne so a obiara nhu na ɛde no bɛbrɛ fam dwoodwoo dronexl.co dronexl.co. Saa teknɔlɔgyi yi bɛboa Germany de wɔn ankasa jammer ho, de bɛma “surgical” countermeasure (a wɔfrɛ no dodo sɛ “cyber scalpel”) a ɛnyɛ basabasa. Saa dwumadie yi bae bere a Germany rehu drone a wonnim wɔn ho a wɔnam wɔn so wɔ asraafodwumadie mmeae ne Chancellor office ho, na ɛma nkurɔfo ho yɛ den. Sɛ wɔde Securiton ne D-Fend bɛba mu a, Germany kyerɛ sɛ nea ɛyɛ papa paa na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔnya ntɛm – sɛ ɛnyɛ wɔn ara na wɔyɛ no mpo dronexl.co. Eyi nso kyerɛ sɛ Europefo yɛ adwuma pa, efisɛ Switzerland (ɛwom sɛ ɔnyɛ EU de) yɛ onipanin a wɔde no di dwuma, na Israel nso yɛ drone-ban ho nimdefo titiriw.

German suapɔnfo nso yɛ adwuma. Bundeswehr University Project FALKE rehwɛ drone a ɛbɛtumi atwa drone bɔne ho anaa abubu no wɔ wim dronexl.co. Na nkɔmɔdeɛ te sɛ Dedrone (Germanfo a wɔyɛɛ adwuma no, na seesei wɔyɛ adwuma wiase nyinaa) de RF sensors a ɛteɛ ne drone “early warning” network reboa – ampa, Dedrone RF-300 sensor bi na wɔde sii German Puma infantry fighting vehicle so de bɛma asraafo ahu sɛ drone bi rehwɛ wɔn so unmannedairspace.info unmannedairspace.info. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ Germany rede C-UAS bɛhyɛ asraafo no ho: ɛbɛyɛ sɛ daakye biara, tank platoon biara bɛwɔ drone detector ne akwan bi a wɔde bɛbɔ ho ban, na ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔde wɔn ho bɛto air defense a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri so nko ara.

Mmara ne Mmara Ahyehyɛdeɛ: Wɔteɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ teknɔlɔgyi nkutoo na ɛbɛso, Germany reyɛ nsakrae wɔ ne mmara mu de ma counter-drone adwuma. Kan no, German mmara yɛɛ den paa wɔ sɛ wobɛtumi adi jamming anaa bɛbubu mframa mu hyɛn (drones ka ho) ho, gye sɛ ɛyɛ asɛm kɛse, efisɛ wɔhwɛ privacy ne ahosiesie so. Nanso, ɛfiri sɛ drones bi baa nkɔsoɔ – te sɛ drone bi a de banner baa Bundesliga bɔɔlobɔ 2020 mu, anaa drones a bɛyɛɛ sɛ wobɛbɔ Frankfurt Airport ho – German mpanyimfoɔ hwehwɛɛ mmara a ɛda hɔ pefee. Wɔ 2021–2022 mu no, aban no sesaa ne mframa mu ne polis mmara de maa polis ne amanmuo ahwɛfoɔ tumi sɛ wɔbɛtumi atwitwa drones a ɛyɛ ɔhaw, de mfasoɔ fi electronic disruption kɔsi sɛ wɔbɛkyere drone no yie sentrycs.com hoganlovells.com. Ɔman no nso dii kan wɔ EU nkɔmmɔ a ɛfa counter-drone mmara ahyehyɛdeɛ ho. 2023 German nsiesie bi boaboa ho sɛ “mmara nsakrae, asraafo tumi, ne manmuo mmɔdenbɔ” bɛka bom ayɛ ɔkwan kɛse so atia drones a wɔmfa ho kwan sentrycs.com. Eyi boaboa kwan maa EU October 2023 Counter-UAS Communication, a ɛhwehwɛ mmara a ɛte sɛ sɛ wɔbɛbɔ jammer equipment certification ho banbɔ ne sɛ wɔbɛboa amanaman ntam adwumakuw debuglies.com debuglies.com.

Ɔbɔ Airport ne Nkabom Nwuma Ho Ban: Germany airport a ɛyɛ den sen biara, Frankfurt, abɛyɛ baabi a wɔasɔ drone ho ban nsiesie ahwɛ. Wɔ 2023 mu, drone a wɔhunuu no maa da 10 a Frankfurt ho yɛɛ den – afe a ɛyɛ den sen biara flightglobal.com. Bere biara a ɛte saa no, wɔgyinae sɛ wɔgyae mframa so akɔfafoɔ, na polisfoɔ de helicopter ne nhwehwɛmu akyɛde hwehwɛ operator no (bere bi bi, wɔkyeree hobbyist a wonim ho). Eyi maa Fraport (airport no sofo) boaboa ho ano sɛ ɔbɛtɔ drone nhwehwɛmu ne ban system a ɛyɛ deɛ ɛda ho. Nneɛma a ɛwɔ mu no, wɔde ahintasɛm ahyɛ so, nanso wɔka sɛ ɛwɔ Dedrone RF sensors bebree a wɔde ahyia perimeter no ho, infrared kamera, ne hotline a ɛkɔ polisfoɔ a wɔwɔ jamming akyɛde ho. Munich Airport nso rekɔ so reyɛ drone ban system a ɛyɛ otumfoɔ no nsɔhwɛ. Bio nso, Germany abɔ polisfoɔ a wɔyɛ adwuma titiriw ma “fliegende Infanterie” (flying infantry) a wɔde drone gun ne net launcher bɔ VIP nkabom ho ban. Sɛ nhwɛsoɔ, bere a 2017 G20 kɔɔ so wɔ Hamburg ne 2022 G7 wɔ Bavaria, akuw a wɔwɔ hand-held jammer (te sɛ HP 47 “DroneKill” rifle) bɔɔ soro ho ban – ɛyɛ ade a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ nkabom kɛse so.

Ɛsɛ sɛ yɛka ho sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ bi a ɛyɛ adwene foforɔ: drone net. Ɛfiri nsɛm te sɛ drone a ɛde nneɛma a ɛnsɛ sɛ ɛkɔda so kɔ prison mu, Germany mprempren bi de anti-drone net ahyɛ exercise yard so. DroneXL ka sɛ Russia nso fii ase de anti-drone net kata beae bi so akyi Ukrainian bɔne a wɔde drone yɛe dronexl.co. Ɛnyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobɛde kata beae kɛse so, nanso net (deɛ ɛyɛ dade anaa electromagnetic) yɛ akyɛde foforɔ a Germany de bɔ beae a ɛda hɔ ho ban.

Ntotɔsoɔ, Germany drone ho ban yɛ bɔ mu – bɔ sensor ne ban akyɛde (te sɛ ASUL ne Skyranger) mu, bɔ abɔdeɛ a ɛfiri aburokyire ne deɛ ɛwɔ fie mu, ne bɔ mmara tumi ne adwuma ho hia. Sɛ ɔsraani bi ka kyerɛɛ no, nea ɛho hia ne sɛ “yɛbɛma drone ho ban tumi so den de abɔ ho ban akyɛde a ɛyɛ den na yɛn nso anya mmara a ɛma yɛtumi de di dwuma bere a ɛho hia.” Sɛ Hensoldt, abɔdeɛ kɛse wɔ ɔko ho, frɛ ne ho C-UAS “pioneer” na aban de sika boa adwumayɛfoɔ, Germany bɛma drone ho ban so ayɛ den wɔ mfe a ɛreba mu hensoldt.net.

France: Ɛfiri Laser “Zapper” kɔ Eagle-Eyed Team – Ɔman a ɔdi kan wɔ Drone Ho Ban

France de mfe du kɔ so ne drone a wɔde yɛ bɔne ayɛ adwuma – fi mystery drone a ɛkɔ nuclear plant so wɔ 2014, drone a ɛbubu Eiffel Tower ho, kɔsi drone ketewa a ɛkɔ President Macron dan so. Sɛ mmuaeɛ, France abɔ anti-drone akyɛde a ɛyɛ bebree wɔ Europe mu, de bɔ ɔko ne nkabom ho ban. Sɛ Paris redwene sɛ ɔbɛso 2024 Summer Olympics (ban a ɛyɛ den paa), ɔman no de akyɛde a ɛyɛ den a ɛbɛtumi abɔ drone ho ban bae.

Amanneɛ a wɔde bɔ ko – PARADE ne Sky Warden: France Asraafoɔ bɔɔ amanneɛ kɛse bi a wɔfrɛ no PARADE (“Plan d’actions pour la protection face aux drones”) de ma asraafoɔ no C-UAS. Aban mpanyimfoɔ bɔɔ amanneɛ wɔ 2023 awieeɛ a ɛkyerɛɛ nsɛnnennen wɔ PARADE deɛ, bere a ɛho hia dɔɔso ansa na Olympic bɛba sldinfo.com. Nanso, France DGA a ɔhwɛ tɔ adeɛ so no de sika ama amanneɛ bebree. Deɛ ɛda so kɛse ne MBDA deɛ Sky Warden – ɛyɛ abɔdeɛ a wɔtumi de nsusuiɛ ne akodeɛ ahorow bɔ bom wɔ baako so de di dwuma unmannedairspace.info unmannedairspace.info. Sky Warden betumi de radar te sɛ Thales’ GM200, RF hunuadeɛ te sɛ Cerbair, ne akodeɛ fi jammers kɔsi HELMA-P laser. Wɔ adwene a wɔyɛɛ no mu no, Sky Warden tumi gyinaa pintinn de gyaa mini-drone ne kɛse UAVs nyinaa, na France reboaboa ho ano de rekyɛ ma n’adansefoɔ.

Amanneɛ foforɔ a wɔyɛɛ wɔ France ne ARLAD (Adaptive Radar for Low Altitude Drones), 3D radar a Thales yɛeɛ de hunu drone ketewa a ɛbɛtumi atena fam akɔ akyirikyiri, mpo wɔn a wɔtete fam. Wɔde sii akodɔm bɔtɔw so (te sɛ Griffon VOA), na radar yi kyerɛɛ sɛ ɛtumi hunu mini-drone a ɛwɔ 24 km akyirikyiri unmannedairspace.info. Saa hunu tɛtrɛtɛ yi, ne deɛ ɛtumi hunu atarget ho no, ma France asraafoɔ tumi nya bere a ɛho hia sɛ wɔbɛyɛ biribi.

Amanneɛ a wɔde mframa ne high-tech jamming di dwuma: Deɛ ɛda so kɛse wɔ France amanneɛ mu ne deɛ wɔde mframa di dwuma. Cilas HELMA-P laser: France yɛɛ baako a ɔdi kan wɔ Europe a ɔde laser akodeɛ de bɔ drone ho ban. HELMA-P yɛ laser a wɔde guu bɔtɔw so a, wɔ nsɔhwɛ mu no, gyaa drone a ɛwɔ 1 km akyirikyiri unmannedairspace.info. Wɔpɛ sɛ wɔde di dwuma wɔ Paris Olympics – de laser no bɔ stadium ho ban de bɛtumi atwitwa drone biara a ɛbɛba a ɛnyɛ mma ho kwan unmannedairspace.info. Sɛ wɔde bɔ MBDA Sky Warden ho a, laser no betumi ayɛ adwuma a ɛbɛtumi atwitwa drone biara a wɔahu no.

Thales E-Trap HPM: Sɛnea wɔaka no, Thales de E-Trap microwave ɛdɔm no bɛda ho adi wɔ 2024 breakingdefense.com breakingdefense.com. Ɛyɛ ɛdɔm a ɛtumi de electromagnetic cone bɔ drone circuit boards no bubu ntɛm ara mu. Sɛ ɛyɛ 360° system no nti, ɛtumi bu drone bebree (swarm) prɛko pɛ – ɛyɛ asɛm a ɛreba so wɔ akyirikyiri sɛnea drone swarm bɔne ahyɛ akyirikyiri amansan mu. France de E-Trap sɔɔ hwɛ wɔ Olympics no mu sɛnea ɛbɛtumi atumi atwa bɔne no ho ntɛm na ɛnyɛ ɔhaw kɛse mma afoforo.

GNSS Spoofing – Safran/Hologarde Skyjacker: Francefoɔ Safran ne Hologarde bɔɔ mmɔden boaboa wɔn ho ano yɛɛ Skyjacker, ɛyɛ “navigation hijacking” system foforɔ breakingdefense.com breakingdefense.com. Mmom sɛ wobɛjam signal no, Skyjacker de GPS (ne Galileo/GLONASS) signal bɔto hɔ a ɛyɛ atoro de di drone no ani. Ɛkyerɛ sɛ, ɛdaadaa drone no ma ɛte sɛ nea ɛkɔ baabi a ɛnyɛ ne kwan, na ɛma ɛsesa ne kwan anaa ɛkɔtena ase. Skyjacker ka sɛ ɛtumi yɛ adwuma kɔsi 6 miles (≈10 km) akyirikyiri breakingdefense.com. Paris 2024 mu, wɔde Skyjacker yɛɛ adwuma a nkurɔfo anhu de boaboa beaeɛ ho ban, na ɛyɛɛ adwuma pa ara ma Navy no pɛe sɛ wɔde bɛhyɛ FREMM frigate abiɛsa so de bɔ nsu so drone ho ban breakingdefense.com. Spoofing yɛ adwene pa: ɛka bɔnefo drone no navigation nkutoo ho, ɛmmfa afoforo a wɔwɔ beaeɛ no ho, na ɛma drone no da hɔ ma wɔbɛtumi asusuw ho akyire.

Portable Jammers ne Rifles: France wɔ mfɛfo a wɔyɛ handheld jammer no ho. Baako ne MC2 Technologies, a wɔyɛ NEROD F5 jammer rifle no (kɛse kɔkɔɔ gun a wuhu no wɔ mfonini bebree so) breakingdefense.com breakingdefense.com. Ne bo yɛ bɛyɛ 5 kg, na ɛtumi bɔ drone remote-control ne GPS nsɛnkanee ho ban wɔ bɛyɛ ahinanan meter. French police ne Gendarmerie no de NEROD rifles reyɛ adwuma fi bɛyɛ 2017, kɔfa Bastille Day parades ne football tournaments ho. Ebinom nso yɛ CERBAIR Chimera 200, a ɛyɛ backpack tenten (≈16 kg) a ɛde detection ne jamming bɔ mu, na wɔda no adi wɔ Eurosatory 2022 unmannedairspace.info. Ɛma baako pɛ tumi de C-UAS akyɛde no nyinaa kɔ baabi – ɛboa Special Forces anaa patrols. Wɔ close-range capture ho, French police wɔ net guns ne akɔde a wɔakyerɛkyerɛ (ampa: French Air Force “Project Eagles” kyerɛkyerɛɛ golden eagles sɛ wɔnkɔkyere drones wɔ 2017, nanso wɔgyaa adwuma no hɔ komm wɔ 2020 akyi efisɛ ɛnyɛɛ dɛ).

Olympic Games – Testbed: Paris 2024 Olympics yɛɛ France deɛ ɛma wɔn bo yɛ den. Security forces huu sɛ wɔbɛyɛ 20,000 drone surveillance duty dɔnhwerew wɔ agorɔ no mu, “ɛyɛ mpɛn 10 sen 2023 Rugby World Cup no,” Air & Space Force Commander Gen. Stéphane Mille ka kyerɛɛ breakingdefense.com. Wɔde ho yɛɛ adwuma, anti-drone teams bebree na wɔbɔɔ wɔn ho ban. Wɔ Olympics ne Paralympics no mu, France de ho bɔɔ ban: Army trucks de MELCHIOR 2 radars hwɛɛ soro; police vans de Jammer ne Skyjacker ho ade kɔe; rooftop spotters de binoculars ne sniper rifles gyinaa hɔ sɛ nea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛyɛ last resort. Nsɛm a esii: 355 drones na wɔhunuu wɔ mmara so nsase so wɔ agorɔ no nna mu, na ɛde kɔɔ 81 nnipa a wɔkyeree wɔn breakingdefense.com breakingdefense.com. Anigye ne sɛ, pii yɛ amammɔfo a wonnim hwee anaa media a wɔpɛ sɛ wɔyɛ adwuma – biribi bɔne biara anso. Nanso, ɛda no adi sɛ E-Trap ne Skyjacker yɛ adwuma pa wɔ kurow kɛse mu, na ɛma France nya data a ɛyɛ nokware. Saa ara nso na ɛda adwuma mu mmerɛwyɛ adi a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsiesie ansa na 2024 EUROS football tournament ne akyirikyiri nkɔmɔ bɛba.

Ɔbɔ Ban Ma Nsase a Ɛho Hia: France de anti-drone mmoa ahyɛ nsase a ɛho hia so daa. French Navy, sɛ nhwɛso no, rehyɛ ne nsoromma akɔtɔw nsu so hyɛn foforo no so CERBAIR de HYDRA RF hunu system navalnews.com navalnews.com de bɛbɔ ban ama sɛ dron biara renntumi nnhwehwɛ anaa explosive UAVs wɔ po so. Nuclear power plants no, wɔde elektroniki hwɛbea ahyia ho a ɛbɛma Air Force ahu sɛ drone bi abɛhyɛ nsakrae no mu, na ɛno akyi no, ntɛm Helicoptère akuw betumi asɔre akɔkyere. Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport asɔ Israeli yɛɛ IRON DOME radar variant a wɔatoto ama dron ketewa so, ne sensors a wonntumi nnhu no, de bɛpɛ anti-drone ban a ɛbɛtena hɔ ma airports fi 2025.

Nkwankyerɛ mu, France asraafo mpanyimfo ka sɛ wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔda akyire wɔ “ntɛm” a ɛkɔ so wɔ drone ho. “Atoadeɛ a wɔde UAS bebree a wɔde akode hyɛ ho reba no, ɛnyɛ science fiction bio,” DGA Director Emmanuel Chiva kae wɔ 2024 awieeɛ breakingdefense.com. France mmuae no yɛ tenten: sika pii gu so (€5 billion a wɔde ahyɛ fam so air defense ne C-UAS breakingdefense.com), de high-tech te sɛ laser ne HPM, na de nsuae a wɔanya fi ko (sɛ Ukraine drone bebree anaa Houthi rebel drones a France system atutu wɔ Red Sea so unmannedairspace.info unmannedairspace.info) bɔ mu. Sɛ wɔde asraafo akode kɛse bɔ mu ne police akode a ɛyɛ hare a, France agyina hɔ sɛ Europe animuonyamfo wɔ anti-drone adwumayɛ mu.

Italy: Ɔbɔ Ban Ma Wiem Fi Vatican City kɔsi Alps

Italy anti-drone ban ho kwan no, nsɛm a ɛda ho adi wɔ civil ban ho (Rome nsuo so a wonntumi nntwɛn, Vatican amanneɛ) ne asraafo nsakrae ho adwuma na ɛkyerɛ. Italian asraafo ahyia drone wɔ asomdwoeɛ adwuma a wɔkɔ akɔyɛ abɔnten so, na wɔahu Ukraine drone ko no, enti ama wɔanya akode foforo ne kwan foforo.

Hwɛ VIP ne Nkabom – Vatican Nkyerɛase: Italy de wɔn counter-drone tumi kyerɛɛ wiase no, ɛyɛ yaw, bere a Pope Francis I owui amanneɛ wɔ April 2025. Bere a na nkramofo rekae ne owu no, na nnipa 250,000 – a ɛka amanpanyin bebree ho – boaboa wɔn ho ano wɔ n’awoda no so, Italy mpanyimfo de atirimpɔw a ɛyɛ den paa sii Roma so sɛ obiara nntumi mmɔ soro cuashub.com cuashub.com. Wɔkaa sɛ 6.5 NM-radius no-fly zone bɛn Roma mfinimfini ho theaviationist.com theaviationist.com, na Italian Air Force F-35 ne Typhoon hyɛɛ soro sohwɛ so theaviationist.com theaviationist.com, na mpo destroyer bi gyinaa po so pɛ sɛ ɔbɛto anti-air missiles sɛ ɛho hia theaviationist.com. Nanso fam, 16th Air Force Wing “Fucilieri dell’Aria” (Air Riflemen) ne Army adwumayɛfo boaboa wɔn ho ano de counter-drone akuw ahyɛ kurow no mu cuashub.com theaviationist.com. Saa akuw yi sii radar, electro-optical trackers, ne portable jammer atifi ne baabi a ɛda hɔ yiye, de bɔɔ drone hu network a ɛkata kurow no so cuashub.com theaviationist.com.

Nkyerɛmu kɛse bi ne sɛ, asraafo no yɛɛ mfonini a wɔde nsa so C-UAS akode a ɛte sɛ nea Italian kuropɔn CPM Elettronica na ɛyɛɛ no – titiriw no CPM DJI-120 ne WATSON jammer akode cuashub.com. Saa akode yi de RF ahyɛnsode a ɛda so kɔ baabi a drone no wɔ na ɛtwa ne so ahyɛase ntɛm ara mu theaviationist.com theaviationist.com. Italian Air Force no kyerɛ sɛ eyi yɛ “nsa so elektromagnetik ahyɛnsode a ɛbɔ hu” a ɛhyɛ drone no radio link so ma ɛyɛ den na ɛma drone no hyɛ ne emergency landing mode mu theaviationist.com theaviationist.com. Swiss Guard (Pope ho banbɔfo) ne Italian polisfo no kɔɔ sukuu sɛnea wɔde bɛyɛ adwuma, na ɛmaa mfonini a ɛda ho adi sɛ atifi bere so akofena ne daakye anti-drone akode bɔ mu. Adwuma no yɛɛ yiye – drone biara anntumi anhyɛ ase wɔ Pope no awieeɛ ase, na ɛda Italy tumi adi sɛ wobetumi abɔ ho ban ama nsɛnnennen a ɛho hia paa fi soro haw ho cuashub.com cuashub.com. Italian mpanyimfo frɛɛ no “ahosiesie a ɛda so mmiɛnsa so”, a wɔde fam, soro, ne elektroniks ahyehyɛde bɔ mu cuashub.com.

Italy de saa nhyehyɛe yi asi hɔ bio ama nsɛnnennen te sɛ 2026 Milan Winter Olympics ne Vatican banbɔ da biara (a ɛyɛ kurow ketewa wɔ Roma mfinimfini, na Italian anti-drone mmara na ɛda so hwɛ no so). NATO E-3 AWACS hyɛn atwa Rome so ho ahyia bere a nsɛnnennen kɛse rekɔ so, na wɔde radar a ɛtumi kɔ akyirikyiri ne counter-drone tumi bi de ma ntɛm kɔkɔbɔ cuashub.com.

Asra hoɔ – Fi ADRIAN kɔ Skynex: Italian asrafo no titiriw a wɔde bɔ mmɔden de ko atirimuɔden-ntwatoso no ne ADRIAN (Anti-Drone Interception Acquisition Neutralization) a Leonardo na ɔbɔɔ no. ADRIAN yɛ system a ɛbɔ radar ketewa, ɛwɔ acoustic array a ɛte drone motɔ no nne, ɛwɔ anadwo/anɔpa kamera, ne jammer – na wɔabɔ wɔn nyinaa bom de bɔ sohwɛ ama asrafo mpɔtam anaa beae a ɛho hia army-technology.com. Ebetumi ahu drone no wɔ nne anaa RF so fi kilomita kakra so, na ɛno akyi no, ɛbɛtumi asiw wɔn. Italian Asrafo no suaa ADRIAN 2018–2019 mu na wɔka sɛ wɔde kɔɔ abrokyire asrafo mpɔtam a ketewa drone yɛɛ ɔhaw (sɛnea ɛte wɔ Iraq, baabi a ISIS de hobby drone yɛɛ bɔne).

Nanso, Italy deɛ, nea ɛyɛ ne kɛseɛ a ɔyɛeɛ a ɛbɛn no ne sɛ ɔtɔɔ Rheinmetall Skynex system no – ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔpɛ sɛ ɔyɛ den wɔ drone ho banbɔ mu. Ɛbɛyɛ February 2025, Italy hyɛɛ ne Skynex C-RAM/C-UAS battery a edi kan no ho dɔm bo €73 million dronesworldmag.com, na wɔwɔ kwan sɛ wɔbɛtɔ dodoɔ mmiɛnsa bio (€204 million) mfe a ɛreba mu dronesworldmag.com dronesworldmag.com. Skynex yɛ gun-based air defense system a ɛyɛ foforɔ: battery biara wɔ central multi-sensor unit (radar + EO) ne Oerlikon Revolver Gun Mk3 turrets nan, a ɛto 35 mm programmable ammunition dronesworldmag.com. Saa AHEAD bullets no bue mu na ɛgyaa tungsten pellets bɔtɔw wɔ beaeɛ a wɔahyɛ ho, na ɛyɛ hu kɛse ma drones ne cruise missiles nso dronesworldmag.com dronesworldmag.com. Skynex betumi atoto atamfo de kɔ 4 km, na ne x-band XTAR radar no hwɛ 50 km ho banbɔ ma biribiara a ɛreba dronesworldmag.com dronesworldmag.com. Italy yɛ NATO man a edi kan a wopaw Skynex, na ɛkyɛre Germany mpo dronesworldmag.com. Nea maa wɔyɛɛ saa no ne sɛ wɔhunuu sɛ system no yɛ adwuma pa: Ukraine asraafo de Skynex akyɛdeɛ repopa Russia Shahed drones na ɛyɛ adwuma pa ara dronesworldmag.com dronesworldmag.com. Sɛ Italy paw Skynex a, ɔnya drone flak system a ɛyɛ ntɛm a ɛbɛtumi ayɛ counter-rocket/artillery (C-RAM) nso. Nea edi kan bɛba 2026, na Italy betumi de akɔda kurow anaa asraafo base so. Eyi yɛ nkɔanim kɛse wɔ wɔn tumi mu, na ɛɛhyɛ Italy kɛse asraafo nsakrae no mu (a ɛka foforɔ tank ne mframa ho banbɔ a wɔyɛ ne Germany boaboa ano dronesworldmag.com).

Ma Italy nso, wɔwɔ SIDAM 25 quad-25 mm gun ne Stinger missile vehicles (nkɔntabuo dedaw no reboa) a wɔde yɛ mobile forces – na wɔka sɛ wɔpɛ anti-drone laser (Leonardo wɔ “drone-killer” laser prototype bi a wɔreyɛ ho adwuma) – nanso ɛnyɛ saa ara na wɔde agu field no so.

Civilian Infrastructure: Italy asase ne ɛpo ho tenten ne tourist beae bebree ma ɛde nsɛnnennen ba. Sɛ wɔpɛ sɛ wɔbɔ airports ho ban a, ENAC (civil aviation authority) fii program bi ase wɔ 2020 mu sɛ wɔbɛde drone detection systems bɛhyɛ airports titiriw te sɛ Rome Fiumicino ne Milan Malpensa. Drone a wɔhunuu no maa nkɔsoɔ ne ntɛm a ɛto so no, airports no de radar ne RF scanners bɔɔ ho ban. Wɔ Rome Ciampino, drone bi a ɛbaa hɔ daa wɔ 2019 maa wɔto hyɛɛ so 30 minutes – ɛno akyi na wɔde anti-drone unit a ɛda hɔ daa sii hɔ. Italy mmara pa ara kyɛw sɛ drones nntam airports ho (5 km exclusion), na wɔahyɛ mmara no den na wɔde ntotoho ne agyapade gu so.

Border Security: Italy atifi Alps hyeɛ so no, drones a wɔde ba Eastern Europe no nni hɔ, nanso atɔe fam no, Italian naval units reko tia drones a smugglers de reba po so. Sɛdeɛ ɛte no, Italy coast guard asɔ Israeli DRONE DOME jammers ho hwɛ de bɔ wɔn nkɔntabuo ho ban, na Italian engineers nso ahwɛ sɛ wɔbɛtumi de 70 mm guided rockets (a ɛwɔ helicopter stockpiles) ayɛ anti-drone adwuma wɔ patrol boats so.

Legal Aspect: Italy asesa mmara de ma police ne military tumi sɛ wɔbɛko tia drones a wɔmfa mmra, titiriw 2015 mu a drone bi bubu wɔ ski competition mu ne 2018 a drone bi bɛn skiing champion bi so wɔ TV so. 2020 mu, Italy de tumi kɛse maa Air Force sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ no-fly zones so wɔ events ne sɛ wɔbɛ“neutralize remotely piloted aircraft posing a threat.” Civil aviation ne defense coordination no, inter-agency committee na ɛhwɛ so. Bio nso, drone nsɛnnennen (te sɛ drone a ɛde drugs kɔɔ prison mu wɔ Calabria) nti, Italy parliament kasae sɛ wɔmfa jamming equipment mma prison guards. Sɛnea EU mmara wɔ interference ho no, ɛyɛ den, nanso Italy de ho ban kɛse, na wɔne EU mpanyimfo yɛ adwuma wɔ mmara ho.

Nsɛm bi a ɛho hia: Italy nyaa drone jammer donations fi nnamfonom de boa Ukraine. 2022 mu, Lithuania (EU nnamfo) de EDM4S “Sky Wiper” anti-drone guns maa Ukraine – a ɛyɛ Lithuanian ne Italian companies a wɔyɛ no bom ensun.io. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ Italy defense industry yɛ adwuma ne aman foforo bom wɔ C-UAS production mu.

Ntoasoɔ no, Italy de local ingenuity (CPM jammers, Leonardo sensors) ne imported firepower (Skynex) bɔ drone ho ban. Italy experience wɔ Rome ho – a wɔde modern ne tete banbɔ ahyia – kyerɛ sɛ kurow a ɛwɔ abakɔsɛm nso hia anti-drone banbɔ a ɛyɛ den. Sɛ drone a terrorists anaa criminals de bɛyɛ bɔne (te sɛ drone a ɛwɔ Coliseum anaa football park a nnipa dɔɔso) yɛ nsɛnnennen a ɛreba, Italy kwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma no reyɛ EU mu nhwɛso pa sɛnea wɔde anti-drone plans bɔ ban wɔ security operations mu.

EU Aman Foforo ne Adwuma a Wɔyɛ Bom

Ná Poland, Germany, France, ne Italy na wɔyɛ akɛsefo no, aman foforo bebree wɔ Europe mu nso abɔ wɔn ho ban tia drone, na ɛkɔ so dodo wɔ EU anaa NATO ntam adwumayɛ mu:

  • Spain: Spain de counter-drone akuw ahyɛ nsase a ɛho hia so sɛ Running of the Bulls afahyɛ ne ahenfie ho. Spanish Army rehwɛ indigenous tech te sɛ ONTI (Optex Systems) radar ne net guns fi startup Hispasat seguridad. Spain de Israeli systems nso abom – sɛ, airports bi de Rafael’s Drone Dome de 360° radar ne jamming. Bere a wɔhunuu drones bɛn Madrid Barajas Airport wɔ 2020, Spain mpanyimfo ntɛm ara yɛɛ detection network a ɛkɔ so wɔ approach corridors no mu eurocockpit.eu.
  • Netherlands & Belgium: Dutch yɛɛ adwene ho adwuma ntɛm (eagles, net drones). Seesei, Netherlands de multi-sensor trailers fi Robin Radar (a ɔyɛ “drone radars” te sɛ ELVIRA) di dwuma. Dutch police de DroneShield pistols (Australia na wɔyɛe) na wɔwɔ rapid response team sɛ, sɛ drone bi bɔ Amsterdam Schiphol Airport ho ban. Belgium de SkyWall net capture systems boaboa ho ban ma VIPs wɔ EU headquarters, Brussels, na wɔtɔɔ R&S ARDRONIS RF drone detection system fi Germany’s Rohde & Schwarz de bɔ airspace ho ban wɔ nkɔmɔde (te sɛ Antwerp port anniversary).
  • Nordics (Finland, Baltic States): Esiane sɛ Russia de drone rehwɛ wɔn hye so nti, aman te sɛ Finland, Estonia, Lithuania abɔ wɔn ho ban den. Lithuania maa Ukraine ne EDM4S jammers a na wɔaboaboa ano de bɛbɔ wɔn ho ban. Estonia ne Latvia de wɔn ho abom wɔ Baltic counter-UAS network a wɔde US FAAD C2 system a ɛkyerɛ real-time air picture ma NATO mpanyimfo nyinaa unmannedairspace.info. Finland de ɔkwan foforo so: ɛka tech systems ho, wɔrekyerɛkyerɛ snipers sɛ wɔnto mmobɔto atutu drones ketewa (wɔhunuu sɛ rifle a wɔtow yiye betumi atutu quadcopter wɔ mita ahodoɔ – ɛnyɛ papa, nanso sɛ biribiara nni hɔ a, ɛyɛ).
  • European Union Initiatives: Recognizing the transnational threat, the EU has pushed for collective action. In October 2023, the European Commission adopted a Counter-Drone Strategy to support member states home-affairs.ec.europa.eu home-affairs.ec.europa.eu. This strategy calls for “community building & information sharing” (so countries share incident reports, tactics), exploring regulatory measures (e.g. standardizing when police can jam a drone), and funding R&D for new technologies home-affairs.ec.europa.eu home-affairs.ec.europa.eu. The Commission’s Joint Research Centre even published handbooks on protecting critical infrastructure from drones home-affairs.ec.europa.eu home-affairs.ec.europa.eu. Funding-wise, the EU’s Horizon and EDF (European Defence Fund) programs have poured millions into projects like CURSOR (drone detection via AI) and JEY-CUAS (developing a European jammer). Under PESCO (EU defense cooperation), several countries joined to create a “European anti-drone mobile system” aimed at having a common deployable unit for EU battlegroups by 2027.
  • NATO: NATO nyinaa gyee ne Counter-UAS doctrine a edi kan tom wɔ 2023 defensenews.com. Apam no taa yɛ atɔsoɔ ahorow te sɛ “Project Flytrap” (a wɔyɛe wɔ Germany ne Poland mfe 2025 mfinimfini) de sua akodifoɔ ho adwuma wɔ counter-drone tactics ho army.mil. NATO rehwɛ so sɛnea wɔn ho bɛbɔ – sɛ Spanish jammer betumi adi dwuma wɔ Polish radar ase, ne saa ara. Bio nso, NATO de counter-drone drills abɔ ne air policing ho; sɛ, Dutch F-35s a wɔwɔ Poland suaa sɛnea wɔbɛkyere drones a efi Ukraine ko nsase so bɛba Poland mu wɔ 2025 debuglies.com debuglies.com.

Ade a ɛda hɔ pefee wɔ Europe ne convergence: Amanfoɔ sua ade fi wɔn ho nkyerɛkyerɛ mu (France kyɛre Olympic adesua, Ukraine kyerɛ Poland sɛnea wɔbɛyɛ Shaheds ho adwuma euronews.com), na mpɛn pii no, wɔtɔ anaa wɔbɔ system no bom yɛ. Saa ara nso na ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ public-private partnership yɛ den, na European startups reyɛ adwuma foforo (te sɛ France MC2, Latvia Atlas Aerospace a wɔyɛ interceptor drones, Denmark MyDefence a wɔyɛ drone detectors a wode hyɛ ho, ne nkurɔfoɔ a wɔyɛ defense adwuma kɛse de saa adwuma no bɔ system kɛse mu (te sɛ MBDA Sky Warden a ɔde nneɛma bebree bɔ bom).

Regulatory alignment yɛ ɔfã foforɔ a ɛho hia: EU nyinaa mmara seesei hyɛ sɛ wɔbɛregister drone, sɛ wɔde remote ID beacons bɛto drones a ɛso yɛ kɛse so, na ma mmara sofo anya tumi sɛ wɔbɛyɛ adwuma ntɛm tia drones a wɔyɛ bɔne. Sɛ nhwɛso, EU Regulation 2019/947 de drone dwumadi bɔ mu kɔkɔɔ na ɛkyerɛ sɛ sɛ obi de drone bɔne ba a, ɛyɛ mmara so bɔne wɔ aman nyinaa mu debuglies.com debuglies.com. Na afe 2023 mu no, EU Counter-UAS package no ka kyerɛɛ sɛ “jamming systems no nhyehyɛe bɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ” na sɛ wɔpene jamming system bi so wɔ ɔman baako mu a, ɛbɛyɛ mmara so sɛ wɔde bɛyɛ adwuma wɔ ɔman foforɔ mu nso debuglies.com debuglies.com. Eyi ho hia paa ma adwuma a aman pii yɛ bom anaa nsɛnhyɛso a ɛkɔ so wɔ aman ntam.

Nneyɛe no mfaso, nsɛnnennen, ne nea ɛda anim

Nneyɛe yi nyinaa de asɛm ba so – wɔreyɛ adwuma anaa? Seesei, yɛ, nanso ɔhaw no reyɛ foforɔ. European asraafo mpanyimfo gye tom sɛ afe 2023 mu no, “afena (drones) no tumi sen kyɛm no” unmannedairspace.info, titiriw wɔ akɔntɔnkyɛn so. Drones a ɛbo yɛ dɔɔso tumi fa mmɔdenbɔ so anaa ba dodoɔ so de bɔ ho mmɔden. Nanso, sɛ wɔde atadeɛ a ɛwɔ mpɔtam nyinaa bɛto hɔ ntɛm no, ɛreboa. Yɛahu sɛ Patriot ne NASAMS missiles atumi abubu attack drones a wɔde ba baako pɛ wɔ Ukraine, na ɛso foforɔ so, yɛahu sɛ $1,000 hobby drone bi ama Europe fã air traffic nyinaa agyina hɔ bere a wɔtoaa Gatwick Airport mu wɔ 2018. Nea wɔpɛ seesei ne sɛ wɔbɛtumi atia drones ntɛm, a ɛnyɛ sika pii so, na wɔbɛtumi ayɛ no kɛse so.

Nsɛnnennen titiriw a ɛda so:

  • Sika a ɛda ho ntam: Sɛ wokɔtow €1 million SAM de bubu €1 k drone a, ɛnyɛ biribi a ɛbɛkɔ so daa breakingdefense.com breakingdefense.com. Europe reyɛ adwuma de interceptors a ɛbo yɛ dɔɔso (bɔta, laser, microwave bursts) reba, nanso saa atadeɛ no nso wɔ ne ho sika ne nsɛnnennen. Wɔde adwene si so sɛ wɔbɛma “cost per kill” no ase – enti na wɔde adwene si electronic ne atadeɛ a wɔbɛtumi asan de ayɛ adwuma so.
  • Swarm Attacks: Dron aheman a, nnipa pii a wɔwɔ hɔ betumi adi baako anaa kakra bi ho dwuma. Dron a ɛyɛ 10, 50, 100 a wɔyɛ adwuma bom yɛ anibere kɛse. High-power microwave ne akodeɛ bi/guns/fragmentation warheads yɛ deɛ ɛda ho anidasoɔ wɔ swarm ho. Software a ɛde AI di dwuma de kyerɛ ne sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛtumi ahyɛ dron no ho nsow ntɛm no nso ho hia. European mpɛnsɛmpɛnsɛm no rehyɛ swarm simulation ho dwuma de rehwehwɛ wɔn ho banbɔ.
  • Ketewa ne Fɛfɛɛfɛ So: Dron no kɛse a ɛkɔ so no, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhu. Micro-dron (a ɛwɔ 250 g ase) betumi atwitwa radar ne acoustic detection so. Wɔn nso, sɛ wɔahyɛ wɔn nsɛm dada a, wɔmfa RF pii mmra. Eyi na ɛma adwumayɛfoɔ rehwɛ detection foforɔ te sɛ laser sensors, anaa sɛ wɔbɛkyerɛ K9 units sɛ wɔnhu dron battery ho nwi! European banbɔfoɔ dodoɔ de ani so hwɛfoɔ di dwuma sɛ backstop, nanso ɛnyɛ biribi a ɛda ho adanse. R&D so ɛkɔ so wɔ multi-static radar ne thermal imagery a ɛyɛ den mu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛhu ketewa quadcopter wɔ asase so ahorow mu.
  • Mmara ne Suban ho Nsɛnhyɛso: Jamming ne spoofing de nsɛnhyɛso ba ho (ɛbɛtumi ama nsɛnkeka aba nsɛm foforɔ so, anaa ama dron a ɛnyɛ bɔne atɔ fam a ɛbɛyɛ ɔhaw?). Privacy nso ho hia – ebinom suro sɛ aban betumi anya system a ɛbɛtumi akyekyere radio device biara. EU reboaboa mmara ho dwumadie ano sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a sɛ asɛm ba a, wɔn a wɔbɛboa no bɛwɔ tumi a ɛda hɔ na wɔrennya asɛm akɔ abɔnefoɔ anim. Deɛ ɛho hia ne sɛ Regulation (EU) 2021/664 bɔɔ “U-space” zones a dron traffic management yɛ digital – wɔ mu no, dron biara a wɔamfa nkyɛ register no yɛ bɔne, na ɛma kwan ma intervention debuglies.com debuglies.com. Nanso, asɛm biara betumi ama nsɛnhyɛso aba, titiriw sɛ dron no bɔ fam na ɛyɛ ɔhaw wɔ asase so. Europe reyɛ no nyansapɔ, de tumi ma mmara sofoɔ, nanso wɔhwɛ so.

Sɛ yɛhwɛ anim a, Europe bɛhu military ne civilian dron banbɔ ho bɔ mu. Teknoloji a wɔde yɛ ɔko (te sɛ electronic warfare suites) reba civilian dwumadie mu wɔ airports ne kurow mu. Saa ara nso na anti-dron startups a wɔwɔ commercial mu no, wɔn teknoloji betumi aboa military (sɛ nhwɛsoɔ, passive dron detection system a wɔde di dwuma wɔ airports betumi aboa so wɔ military base so a ɛnnyina signal so).

Wɔ wiase nyinaa, boafoɔ bɛkɔ so. NATO counter-dron mmara a edi kan, a wɔsɔɔ no hwɛ wɔ 2023 Black Sea exercise no, de joint tactics too hɔ – sɛ nhwɛsoɔ, wɔde Turkish radar, Italian jammer, ne American C2 boaboa ho ano wɔ baako mu defensenews.com defensenews.com. Yɛbɛhwɛ NATO data link standardization a ɛbɛboa dron detection ne engagement ho.

Wɔ Eurɔp ho mmɔden a wɔreyɛ de bɛtɔ drɔn ho haw no so, asɛm bi a France so ɔgeneral bi kae gyina hɔ: “Ɛnnɛ drɔn no yɛ den, ɛyɛ den sen ban no. Ban no bɛkɔ so ayɛ kɛse.” unmannedairspace.info Ampa ara, Poland “Monster” gun no, Germany sensor fusion, France laser, Italy jammer gun, ne nsɛm foforo pii nti, “ban” no rekɔ so ayɛ kɛse ntɛm. Wɔama wim a ɛwɔ Eurɔp so ayɛ baabi a ɛho yɛ den na ɛho yɛ dɛ – ma nnipa ne asraafo nyinaa. Na sɛ ɛyɛ a, bere a ɛreba no, yebetumi akɔ baabi a drɔn bɔne bi a ɛbɛba Eurɔp wim mu bɛhunu sɛ ne ho nni hɔ, wɔn dodow so, na wɔbɛtumi atwa no ho ahyia ntɛm wɔ banfo a ɔnhuu da mu.

Nsɛnhyɛso

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